CentOS搭建Python开发环境
准备工作
安装前准备
查看当前系统中的Python版本，可以看到系统中已经默认安装了Python2.7.5
[root@localhost ~]# python --version
Python 2.7.5安装开发工具包
[root@localhost ~]# yum groupinstall -y "Development tools"安装依赖工具包
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel \
ncurses-devel sqlite-devel安装Python
下载、编译和安装Python
最新版本是3.9.0，为了稳定起见，下载上一个版本3.8.2
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.2/Python-3.8.2.tgz解压安装包，进行编译安装
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxf Python-3.8.2.tgz -C /usr/src
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/Python-3.8.2/
[root@localhost Python-3.8.2]# ./configure && make && make install
...
Collecting setuptools
Collecting pip
Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip
Successfully installed pip-19.2.3 setuptools-41.2.0配置Python
更新系统默认的Python，将旧版本重命名，方便导入新版本
[root@localhost ~]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.old创建新版本的Python软链接
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3-config /usr/bin/python-config
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/include/python3.8/ /usr/include/python3.8修改文件
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/bin/yum
# 修改第一行为旧版本的Python版本号
#!/usr/bin/python2.7查看Python版本
[root@localhost ~]# python --version
Python 3.8.2安装新版Python工具pip
[root@localhost ~]# curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python
...
Successfully uninstalled setuptools-41.2.0
Successfully installed pip-20.0.2 setuptools-46.1.3 wheel-0.34.2查看pip版本
[root@localhost ~]# pip -V
pip 20.0.2 from /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)使用pip安装第三方库requests
[root@localhost ~]# pip install requests
...
Installing collected packages: idna, chardet, certifi, urllib3, requests
Successfully installed certifi-2020.4.5.1 chardet-3.0.4 idna-2.9 requests-2.23.0 urllib3-1.25.9搭建完成
博客内容遵循 署名-非商业性使用-相同方式共享 4.0 国际 (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) 协议
